Proffesional Ethical Analysis Ai Car Manufactring Company - Sample

Question: Talk about the Proffesional Ethical Analysis Based On Acs Code Of Ethics Case Study Ai Car Manufactring Company. Answer: Presentation Proficient ethicscomprise the individual, administrative, and common estimations of lead showed byexperts in their particular fields(Valente, 2014) . As indicated by the Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy, morals or good norms includes the ideas and fulfillment of what is correct or off-base, positive or negative, according to moral obligation and obligation (Fieser, 2017). Morals additionally remembers the prerequisite to act for congruity with the gauges of good and bad winning the conduct of a particular gathering including legal counselors, specialists, IT experts and the sky is the limit from there. In that capacity, in morals, it is pivotal to capture that an intention is as imperative as the demonstration that tails it. Essentially, morals targets urging people to do what they realize they ought to do by thinking about every single fitting side of a moral issue, thinking about basic moral qualities and acting in concurrence with the code of managing your calling. Following, i s a presentation of a few moral situations from a contextual analysis, proposed moral reactions with respect to various gatherings of individuals, ACS code of morals necessities application for the situation study and a summed up moral investigation. Moral situation conversation A moral difficulty, likewise moraldilemma is a circumstance where an individual needs to settle on a decision between two determinations that are worthy or best, neither of the decisions can resolve the given circumstance in a morally acceptable way (YourDictionary, 2017). For this situation, John, an Artificial insight (AI) expert, is in a moral issue. He is associated with an AI venture to structure and execute AI frameworks as an outsider for a vehicle producing organization. The issue is that the organization CEO and chiefs need to discharge their item as quickly as time permits. In any case, John believes that the vehicle AI frameworks need all the more redesigning to diminish dangers. On the off chance that he demands, he may lose his agreement. Then again, in the event that he signs the venture end and the vehicles AI framework become dangerous, he might be accused, which can harm his and companys notoriety. Moral reactions to the problem: AI Consultant As an IT proficient that is guided by ethical quality of good and bad, John needs to settle on a choice. On one hand, he can decline to close down the task to culmination so as to limit the dangers that can hurt human life, guided by the code of morals that plans to upgrade the personal satisfaction of the customers. On the off chance that he does this, he may lose business as the vehicle organization may drop his agreement. Then again, since the rebuilding includes testing issues with respect to life and passing circumstances, if redesigning isn't done, many individuals could bite the dust accordingly. In this manner, the best activity is to demand AI frameworks to lessen hurt if there should arise an occurrence of mishaps with the vehicles. Vehicle Customers John has been working intimately with the organization customers in testing out the activities of the AI controlled vehicles. The vehicle clients can for one choose to purchase the vehicles however this would build dangers and the AI frameworks breakdowns could hurt them. On the other hand, in the event that they pause, they may not get the item on schedule and may get it at more significant expenses in the event that it delays in view of rivalry in the market. The moral activity is to hang tight for rebuilding so as to spare lives if there should arise an occurrence of framework mal-functionalities. Moral reactions concerning application standards An individual from the ACS collection of morals is represented by the codes they have pursued. They ought to guarantee to apply this guidelines in their work places as a general rule. Regardless of the results, they should attempt to actualize the principles that administer their expert direct. The organization ought to apply genuineness and let their customers realize that the AI controlled feline isn't yet prepared. This would show they are equipped, as it would depict the reality they just discharge quality items and thus increment likely clients. They ought to guarantee they investigate open premium first before thinking about their own advantages. They ought to likewise do renovating to have the option to apply proficient turn of events. Moral reactions with respect to a mindful individual As a mindful individual, John as the individual accused of the AI vehicle capacities, he ought to guarantee that he doesnt see to the organization propelling their item. This would demonstrate that he thinks about human life. For the clients, they should hold up till redesigning is done, this exhibits they likewise care about human life. The CEO and friends chiefs ought to likewise trust that more testings will be done, on the off chance that they organize open interests, for this situation, their clients and the AI specialist. ACS Code of morals necessities with respect contextual investigation As per the ACS code of morals, an expert ought to show trustworthiness, polished skill, improvement of value life, power of open intrigue, fitness and expert turn of events (AustralianComputerSociety, 2017). With respect to this case, the CEO and chiefs ought to speak the truth about their item by tolerating as obvious that it isn't prepared for propelling. By needing to dispatch their item when it isn't yet prepared, they are not exhibiting ability and are not featuring on open intrigue. They additionally are not offering space to proficient advancement by accomplishing all the more redesigning for the AI frameworks. The vehicle fabricating organization is in this manner not maintaining the ACS code of morals. The AI specialist has just shown genuineness, ability, open intrigue and expert advancement by proposing further AI frameworks rebuilding. Moral protection contentions for the AI advisor The ACS code of morals requests that experts who are individuals with the affiliation adhere to specific standards most definitely. Initially, the AI counsel is maintaining the code. He has answered to the organization the board that he doesnt figure they should discharge the AI controlled vehicles. This exhibits his trustworthiness, competency, care for human life and that he is prepared to accomplish more exploration with further vehicle AI frameworks makeover which would advance his expert turn of events. By proposing further AI testings, shows that he thinks about human life. This is on the grounds that he realizes that there would be a ton of dangers if the vehicles dont realize how to react to circumstances that has to do with mishaps life and demise circumstances. Summed up contextual analysis moral investigation In rundown, most definitely, for the AI expert, the proper activity for this situation is to hold up before closing down the task and counsel on doing assist vehicle testing and updating. Along these lines, he wouldnt need to live with second thoughts and his notoriety for being an expert would stand. Thinking about open intrigue is significant for the whole network. The moral activity for the CEO and the directors is to notice the guidance of the AI expert. Despite the fact that their item has been tried over some undefined time frame. It is imperative that they do this one more test to diminish the dangers included that could hurt people in general. The customer is additionally required to show restraint until the item is prepared for the market, for his wellbeing and forever upgrade of his kindred people. End The correct proficient lead is significant for all associations. Work wrongdoing can cause a business to neglect to accomplish its characterized business targets. Representatives ought to consistently exhibit ability by they way they accomplish their work and treat individuals straightforwardly appended to their work. By following the correct code of morals, experts can show their capability and improve business efficiency. References AustralianComputerSociety. (2017, August). Australian Computer Society . Recovered from acs.org: https://www.acs.org.au/content/dam/acs/acs-archives/Code-of-Ethics.pdf Fieser, J. (2017). Morals. Recovered from Internet Encyclopedia Of Philosophy: https://www.iep.utm.edu/morals/ Valente, L. (2014, August 31). 10 Golden Rules To Professional Ethics In The Workplace. Recovered from LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/beat/20140831053426-77080879-10-brilliant principles to-proficient morals in-the-work environment YourDictionary. (2017). Moral predicament. Recovered from yourdictionary.com: https://examples.yourdictionary.com/moral predicament examples.html

Feminist Epistemology Essay Example for Free

Women's activist Epistemology Essay Unique In this paper I examine the capability of Allison Jaggar’s proposal that feelings by and large, and fugitive feelings specifically, be joined into women's activist epistemology. Jaggar advocates a point of view hypothesis of feelings, and proposes that the feelings of the mistreated specifically are useful instead of unfriendly to securing information. I contend that in spite of the fact that there are some potential issues with Jaggar’s approach, these issues are normal to angle speculations and can be tended to by applying the arrangements offered by other women's activist scholars. One regular analysis made by women's activist epistemologists[i] is the study of conventional epistemology’s ideas of objectivity and lack of bias. As Naomi Scheman puts it, in conventional epistemology â€Å"[t]hose who are taken to be in the best situation to know are the individuals who are accepted to be objective, removed, impartial, free, and nonemotionally rational† (3-4). [ii] According to Allison Jaggar, the consequence of this origination of the knower in current epistemology is a sharp qualification among reason and feeling where reason is special since feelings are seen as automatic reactions that contort our discerning perceptions of the world, which thusly twist the information we can pick up from these perceptions (1992). She further contends that this qualification adds to the forswearing of women’s epistemic authority since ladies are related with feelings and men with reason, thus men turned into the standard by which epistemic authority is judged. This is only one of numerous worries women's activist epistemologists share. In any case, there are numerous dissimilarities between women's activists regarding how to manage the issues in customary epistemology. [iii] One methodology that I will concentrate on in this paper is women's activist point of view hypothesis, especially the viewpoint hypothesis offered by Jaggar in â€Å"Love and Knowledge: Emotions in Feminist Epistemology. † What Jaggar plans to achieve in her paper is to â€Å"begin overcoming any barrier [between feeling and knowledge] through the recommendation that feelings might be useful and even fundamental instead of unfriendly to the development of knowledge† (1992, 146). The scaffold she needs to fabricate incorporates a system for distinguishing predispositions of the predominant gathering that prompts bogus evaluations of the world. This procedure depends on the thought that point of view can be modified by the manner in which one is arranged on the planet, especially how one’s situatedness can influence one’s enthusiastic viewpoint and reaction. I will clarify the idea of passionate point of view and reaction in a second, yet I need to initially take note of that the kind of feelings she believes are imperative to women's activist epistemologists are prohibit emotionsâ€which are enthusiastic reactions that don't follow or bolster the qualities and standards we have been educated to acknowledge. Since prohibit feelings are normally a negative reaction to standards and qualities, they can assist us with recognizing which inclinations are causing blunders in our techniques for looking for information. The point that Jaggar needs to clarify is that fair-mindedness in our epistemic techniques is unthinkable, thusly, we should abandon the thought of unprejudiced nature and work towards distinguishing inclinations that will better guide our epistemic undertakings. There is a lot of discussion between women's activists over the capability of women's activist point of view epistemologies, yet, I believe that Jaggar’s approach warrants some thought. [iv] However, in light of the fact that she offers only a sketch of how feelings may be fused into epistemology, there are a few parts of her hypothesis that are risky. The primary issue is that stance speculations appear to disregard the contrasting encounters of specific people inside gatherings by attempting to talk about the encounters of these gatherings by and large. The subsequent issue is that Jaggar needs to deliver how to recognize which ban feelings might advance women's activist advantages from different feelings, ban or something else. The general point of this paper, at that point, is to start an examination concerning whether Jaggar’s proposition will be a productive undertaking for women's activist epistemologists. The more explicit point of this paper is to call attention to a portion of the potential issues that emerge from her hypothesis, as a women's activist hypothesis, and to offer some potential answers for these issues, some of which are arrangements that women's activists have recently used to answer comparable issues in other women's activist speculations. 1. Jaggar’s View Jaggar contends that hypotheses that make the qualification among reason and feeling in accordance with information are mixed up in that they dishonestly expect feelings are automatic reactions that can be isolated from reason. Jaggar battles that most feelings are socially built, deliberate, and can impact our view of the world. For instance, when somebody feels outrage at a slight from a companion, this annoyance emerges not as an automatic reaction, but instead there is a judgment being made about the manner in which companions should carry on and the reaction of outrage is the proper feeling that relates with one’s desires being disillusioned. We structure convictions about what establishes a slight by a companion simultaneously as we realize what our general public qualities as suitable kinship conduct and proper reactions to various experiencesâ€say love as a reaction to regard from one’s companions and outrage to disregard. The possibility that feelings are developed recommends that socialization impacts our evaluations of the world and the decisions we make are frequently passionate reactions to perceptions that mirror the standards and estimations of our general public. For instance, when somebody makes a quip the normal reaction is for an individual to be diverted. In any case, my being delighted by a joke assumes various social conditions. For example, when we hear something like ‘a cleric, a rabbi, and a duck stroll into a bar’ we promptly feel an expectant entertainment, since we perceive this as a joke equation. [v] If I don't perceive this recipe then my absence of comprehension could make me not share a similar social encounter as the others who are hearing a similar joke. Second, so as to discover the joke entertaining I should not just comprehend the language wherein the joke is told, yet additionally the substance of the joke. I should have a similar examination of the world so as to really be entertained by the climax. Third, passionate reactions are neither programmed nor uninvolved as in we have no power over them. I might be diverted and giggle at a joke of this sort. Be that as it may, I may not giggle in the event that I see the joke as off color despite the fact that not snickering when diversion is foreseen regularly makes snapshots of social pressure and uneasiness. The significant thing to note here is that in the two cases whether I am diverted can be an intentional cognizant choice. From this model, we can perceive any reason why Jaggar proposes that, â€Å"every feeling assumes an assessment of some part of the earth while, and on the other hand, each assessment or examination of the circumstance infers that the individuals who share the assessment will share, ceteris paribus, an anticipated passionate reaction to the situation† (1992, 153). Similarly as I would need to share a comparative evaluation of the world so as to comprehend the turn of phrase of a joke, I am likewise impacted by those assumptions to think the joke is clever. In any event, I am adapted somewhat to perceive a joke when I hear one and snicker when I think chuckling is the normal reaction. Jaggar thinks perceive that feelings assume a job by they way we look for information, given that on the off chance that we keep up the qualification among feeling and reason in epistemology, at that point this differentiation will impact whom we believe are acceptable epistemic specialists: in particular, impartial examiners who can shield their feelings from meddling with their perceptions. Incidentally, in light of the fact that the thought of an impartial examiner is viewed as the perfect, we are one-sided in our appraisal of who is a decent specialist and who isn't. Note that Jaggar isn't stating we are not being fair enough in our evaluation of agents; rather she is stating our inclination for the impartial is repressing on the grounds that feeling is a fundamental piece of information. In addition, the differentiation among feeling and reason is dangerous, as Jaggar calls attention to, on the grounds that â€Å"reason has been related with individuals from predominant political, social, and social gatherings and feeling with individuals from subordinate groups†, as â€Å"people of color†¦and women† (1992, 157). The consequence of the bogus qualification among feeling and reason is that it delivers a legend about agents that capacities in a round example where the fantasy fortifies the abuse of the individuals who are seen as passionate, while the persecution strengthens the legend that it is awful to be enthusiastic. So as to give a full record of being a decent agent, at that point, we ought to recognize how feelings capacity to deliver enthusiastic examiners who are dependable spectators. The primary point Jaggar figures a full record ought to incorporate is that from multiple points of view feelings are socially built in a manner that mirrors the standards and estimations of our general public, and that this enthusiastic development impacts our assessments and perceptions of the world. The second part of the social development of our enthusiastic constitution she needs to call attention to is that our passionate development isn't finished as in there are individuals who don't generally react to or assess specific circumstances in a way that reflects social standards and qualities. Jaggar calls these unpredictable passionate reactions and assessments â€Å"outlaw† feelings, and states that they are normally experienced by â€Å"subordinated in

How to Write a Personal Experience Essay

How to Write a Personal Experience EssayWriting a personal experience essay can be the best way to tell your story. A lot of people don't know how to write a personal experience essay and there are many ways that you can take to make sure that your piece is the most impressive.First of all, if you want to write a personal experience essay, you need to find the strength in the subjects that you have. This can be the reason that you enjoy writing and it can be the reason that you have a lot of confidence in the topic. If you feel strong about it then you are ready to start writing.Another thing that you need to do when you want to write a personal experience essay is to find out who will read it. The truth is that not everybody wants to read it so you should have a way to get them to read it. You might have to make an introduction and give your opinion of the person and the topic and this may get them interested enough to read it. Once they get interested in your essay, they are more l ikely to respond to it.When you want to write a personal experience essay, make sure that you have some background information for your subject. It doesn't matter what it is, but find something in your past that you can use to get them excited. Keep in mind that you aren't supposed to go into great detail because you are trying to make your readers excited about reading the rest of your story. Give them a little taste of what you have been through so that they get the same feeling.When you want to write a personal experience essay, you need to prepare well in advance. If you are a writer, this is the last thing that you want to do. The reason that you should prepare is that you don't want to have to spend a lot of time on the essay and you also don't want to be too rushed in order to finish it.You also need to make sure that you write your personal experience essay in a way that makes it seem like you are sharing the news. Some people can handle a lot of things to be honest with you and some can't. It doesn't matter if you are one of those people or not, you need to make sure that you are presenting yourself in a good light when you are trying to tell the reader something.Also, when you want to write a personal experience essay, you need to keep your opinions as close to the vest as possible. Even if you don't like the subject matter, you need to be as neutral as possible. You also need to make sure that you avoid saying anything that would put the person who reads your story in an unfavorable light.When you want to write a personal experience essay, there are plenty of ways that you can be successful. You just need to make sure that you are prepared before you start and then you can just focus on getting your thoughts down on paper.

Case Study Human Resource Management - 1723 Words

Introduction After the appointment of new Catapult Communications Ltd. (Catapult) General Manager, Sarah Westerly, a number of observations have been made, leading to the decision that operations need to be reviewed, and changes to processes need to be made, in order for Catapult to maintain a competitive advantage over other organisations within the internet service provider (ISP) industry. At present, Catapult’s teams are failing to meet their performance targets, and turnover of staff is high. Sarah needs to investigate the causes of Catapult’s issues, and implement strategies to fix them. This report will look at human resource management (HRM), strategic management, competitive advantage, analysis using SWOT and PEST, and Porter’s†¦show more content†¦Strategic Management Competitive Advantage Strategic management is the term given to the act of creating and applying strategies and processes that will assist an organisation in achieving their long-term goals and making sure they maintain competitive advantage (Schermerhorn, et al., 2014). The process contains the five following tasks, and asks the questions: †¢ Identifying and analysing current mission, objectives and strategies: to see what the company wants to be doing, and where they want to be in the future, does it still represent where they want to be? †¢ Analysing external and internal environments (by using a SWOT analysis): what are they doing right, what are they doing wrong? What can they not control but prepare for? †¢ Revise mission and objectives, select new strategies: what steps do they take, how can they get to where they want to be? †¢ Implement the new strategies, and: †¢ Evaluate results: do we need to make further changes? To get answers to these questions, an assortment of analysis types can be used to identify a company’s strengths and weaknesses, external threats and competition, and the likelihood of competition. SWOT A SWOT analysis is used by an organisation to identify their internal strengths and weaknesses, and their external opportunities and threats. The aim is to see what could be done to improve the organisation internally by transforming weaknesses into strengths, and to see how well they are performing againstShow MoreRelatedCase Study : Human Resource Management1606 Words   |  7 Pagesfacing significant challenges with negative cash flows and a high turnover of staff despite implementing an â€Å"All Star† human resource management (HRM) change in September 2010. Twyla Thompson, the VP of spa operations and the other business executives must revisit this concept so they can attempt to stem the cash flow and staff turnover problems. This essay will analyse the case study provided from Harvard Business on ARISE and explore and recommend potential HRM options for Thompson and the businessRead MoreHuman Resources Management– Case Study1421 Words   |  6 PagesHuman Resources Management– Case Study Human resource management refers to a series of human resources policies and the corresponding management activities. 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As well as those salary figures, many of the bigger companies have instituted bonus plans or incentives for their employees after a being with the company for aRead MoreCase Study : International Human Resource Management Essay1448 Words   |  6 PagesCase study Introduction The case study tells about the future profitable growth of the Padi- cepat a Malaysian company. The company has instant food, beverages and baking products business. In this company have different technologies for marketing strategies. Judgment is needed to identify the growth of the company so they look after the PBIT. In the time of 1990s they provide expansion opportunities Malaysian company pedi-cepat planned export offices in India, Singapore and Japan bit it failsRead MoreCase Study : Cultural Human Resource Management1361 Words   |  6 PagesA case study of cross- cultural human resource management Introduction Cultural issues in business are a phenomenon born by globalization of the market where companies invest in a foreign country to bring the culture of the host country and the company’s culture into contact. The market today is defined by global market that permits sharing of customers worldwide. However, during fierce competition, the market winners become the companies that who understand the Chinese culture. Therefore, cultural

The Effects Of Illegal Immigrants On The Us Economy

Illegal immigrants in the United States have long been a subject of examine for policymakers and people in general. . The basis about them is that they do not pay taxes, they add to the costs of taxpayers and use up funds in resources meant for assisting citizens and legal immigrants. Hence, they are seen as a danger to the US economy. The genuine effects of illegal immigrants on the US economy are discussed by debating over the economic benefits as well as economic costs of these immigrants. The negative impacts, discussed first, presented the decreases in low skilled jobs’ wage rates for legal immigrants and citizens instigated by illegal immigrants, the social services such as educations and healthcare that they utilize and add to taxpayers. At that point in spite of the negative effects, the positive effects uncover advantages of low production costs, increases in the local market sales, undocumented tax generation, impact on growth and employment brought forth by illegal immigrants. These impacts, both negative and positive, are independently analyzed and weighed against each other. The discussion does demonstrate a slight net positive impact on the US economy in contrast to the normal belief about illegal immigrants. â€Å"Illegal Immigrants and the United States Economy: Is It that Big of an Issue?† The journey from a few cave people to seven billion humans on this planet has been portrayed by the physical development of Homo sapiens starting with one place to another,Show MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Illegal Immigrants On The Us Economy2794 Words   |  12 PagesIllegal immigrants in the United States (US) have long been a topic of debate for policy makers and the public. The rationale about them is that they do not pay taxes; they add to the costs of taxpayers and use up funds in resources meant for assisting citizens and legal immigrants (the legal citizens). Therefore, they are perceived as a threat to the US economy. The true impacts of illegal immigrants on the US economy are discussed by debating over the economic benefits as well as economic costsRead MoreThe Dangers Surrounding the United States and Mexican Boarder1048 Words   |  4 Pages It is amazing to think about the great lengths one is willing to go to take in order to provide for their f amily and the slight chance of a better life. The immigrants crossing the U.S border from Mexico are the ones taking the deadly journey through the fiery desert. They all have different backgrounds, family but the one thing they all share is the goal of escaping poverty to find riches in the united states â€Å"and Read MoreIllegal Immigration Is The United States Essay1643 Words   |  7 Pagesto the land of opportunity because it is the only true free country in the world. Because of this, the issue of illegal immigration is, and always been occurring since day one. The defined definition of the term â€Å"illegal immigration† is the migration of people across national borders in a way that violates the immigration laws of the destination country. There are thousands of illegals that get inside the United States borders every single day. Whether it is from getting over the border, throughRead MoreImmigration Reform O f The United States1397 Words   |  6 PagesIn 1986, the United States enacted The Immigration Reform and Control Act which made it illegal to hire illegal immigrants. This is by far the biggest reform made in recent history. Immigration reform is simply making changes to a country’s immigration policies for the better. It has been a huge and controversial topic since 1986 and even more so when President Obama proposed a reform himself in 2009. According to Obama, this reform would improve border enforcement, be stricter on visa overstaysRead MoreThe Rights Of Illegal Immigration1690 Words   |  7 PagesJuan Guarintino was a Spanish immigrant who moved here into the United States. Juan worked for General Faucets and Plumbing and loved every minute of his job. There was only one problem that Juan was struggling with in America. Juan Guarintino was an illegal immigrant who had paid someone to smuggle him into the United States and make him a fake visa card. Now, a few d ays ago, he shot a man for the twenty dollars in his pocket that way he could manage his chronic cocaine problem, but the police haveRead MoreThe Benefits of the DREAM Act 825 Words   |  3 Pageshigher and better paying jobs, which would greatly affect our country and be beneficial to the economy. Therefore, the passing of the DREAM Act represents a fair deal to both the young DREAMers and the American society. Young illegal immigrants who would be able to benefit from the DREAM Act have difficulties when it comes to have access to higher education and high paying jobs because of their illegal status. And passing the DREAM Act will help them reach their educational and professional goalsRead MoreThe Cost of Illegal Imigration Essays1560 Words   |  7 PagesPresident Franklin Roosevelt once said the famous words of,† Remember, remember always, that all of us, and you and I especially, are descended from immigrants and revolutionists.† (Roosevelt, Franklin) In the dilemma we face today people love to bring this up as an excuse. In all the years our great country has been established, we have always thrived upon immigrants, because even we are descended from immigrants. However when others come here to our country and are not documented and drastically changeRead MoreKnowing More about Immigration Essay942 Words   |  4 PagesImmigration has been around ever since people hav e chosen to move around to different lands other than their own to settle and live on. The United States is one big melting pot of immigrants; it is made up of immigrants from everywhere in the world: people from Ireland, Germany, China, and everywhere else. According to bbc.co.uk immigrants migrate because of â€Å"pull factors† which are reasons why people immigrate somewhere new. Some examples of pull factors are higher employment rates, more money, better helpRead MoreImmigration On The United States1302 Words   |  6 Pagessay it’s the foundation of our country. America is the country where people leave their own country to live. People would leave due to mistreatment, hunger issues or job opportunities. America is known for starting over or accomplishing dreams, so immigrants travel over to follow those dreams. People emigrate from one country to another for a variety of complex reasons. Some are forced to move, due to conflict or to escape persecution and pr ejudices, while others may voluntarily emigrate. AlthoughRead MoreThe Effects Of Mexican Immigration On The United States1252 Words   |  6 PagesHEAD: IMMIGRATION POLICY Immigration Policy in the United States: The Effects of Immigration on the Legal, Native Workforce Christopher R. Surfus, MBA, MPA Western Michigan University School of Public Affairs and Administration PADM-6840 Management of Public Financial Resources Professor Robert Peters, Ph.D. December 3, 2015 Immigration Policy in the United States: The Effects of Mexican Immigration on the Legal Workforce ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION Immigration policy The Effects Of Illegal Immigrants On The Us Economy Illegal immigrants in the United States (US) have long been a topic of debate for policy makers and the public. The rationale about them is that they do not pay taxes; they add to the costs of taxpayers and use up funds in resources meant for assisting citizens and legal immigrants (the legal citizens). Therefore, they are perceived as a threat to the US economy. The true impacts of illegal immigrants on the US economy are discussed by debating over the economic benefits as well as economic costs of these immigrants. The negative impacts, discussed first, presented the decreases in low skilled jobs’ wage rates for legal immigrants and citizens instigated by illegal immigrants, the social services such as educations and healthcare that they utilize and add to taxpayers. Then contrary to the negative impacts, the positive impacts reveal benefits of low production costs, increases in the local market sales, undocumented tax generation, impact on growth and employment brought fort h by illegal immigrants. These impacts, both negative and positive, are independently analyzed and weighed against each other. The discussion does show a slight net positive impact on the US economy in contrast to the normal belief about illegal immigrants. Illegal Immigrants and the United States Economy: Is It that Big of an Issue? The journey from a few cave people to seven billion humans on this planet has been characterized by the physical movement of Homo sapiens from one place to another,Show MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Illegal Immigrants On The Us Economy2918 Words   |  12 Pages Illegal immigrants in the United States have long been a subject of examine for policymakers and people in general. . The basis about them is that they do not pay taxes, they add to the costs of taxpayers and use up funds in resources meant for assisting citizens and legal immigrants. Hence, they are seen as a danger to the US economy. The genuine effects of illegal immigrants on the US economy are discussed by debating over the economic benefits as well as economic costs of these immigrants. TheRead MoreThe Dangers Surrounding the United States and Mexican Boarder1048 Words   |  4 Pages It is amazing to think about the great lengths one is willing to go to take in order to provide for their family and the slight chance of a better life. The immigrants crossing the U.S border from Mexico are the ones taking the deadly journey through the fiery desert. They all have different backgrounds, family but the one thing they all share is the goal of escaping poverty to find riches in the united states â€Å"and Read MoreIllegal Immigration Is The United States Essay1643 Words   |  7 Pagesto the land of opportunity because it is the only true free country in the world. Because of this, the issue of illegal immigration is, and always been occurring since day one. The defined definition of the term â€Å"illegal immigration† is the migration of people across national borders in a way that violates the immigration laws of the destination country. There are thousands of illegals that get inside the United States borders every single day. Whether it is from getting over the border, throughRead MoreImmigration Reform Of The United States1397 Words   |  6 PagesIn 1986, the United States enacted The Immigration Reform and Control Act which made it illegal to hire illegal immigrants. This is by far the biggest reform made in recent history. Immigration reform is simply making c hanges to a country’s immigration policies for the better. It has been a huge and controversial topic since 1986 and even more so when President Obama proposed a reform himself in 2009. According to Obama, this reform would improve border enforcement, be stricter on visa overstaysRead MoreThe Rights Of Illegal Immigration1690 Words   |  7 PagesJuan Guarintino was a Spanish immigrant who moved here into the United States. Juan worked for General Faucets and Plumbing and loved every minute of his job. 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And passing the DREAM Act will help them reach their educational and professional goalsRead MoreThe Cost of Illegal Imigration Essays1560 Words   |  7 PagesPresident Franklin Roosevelt once said the famous words of,† Remember, remember always, that all of us, and you and I especially, are descended from immigrants and revolutionists.† (Roosevelt, Franklin) In the dilemma we face today people love to bring this up as an excuse. In all the years our great country has been established, we have always thrived upon immigrants, because even we are descended from immigrants. However when others come here to our country and are not documented and drastically changeRead MoreKnowing More about Immigration Essay942 Words   |  4 PagesImmigration has been around ever since people hav e chosen to move around to different lands other than their own to settle and live on. The United States is one big melting pot of immigrants; it is made up of immigrants from everywhere in the world: people from Ireland, Germany, China, and everywhere else. According to bbc.co.uk immigrants migrate because of â€Å"pull factors† which are reasons why people immigrate somewhere new. Some examples of pull factors are higher employment rates, more money, better helpRead MoreImmigration On The United States1302 Words   |  6 Pagessay it’s the foundation of our country. America is the country where people leave their own country to live. People would leave due to mistreatment, hunger issues or job opportunities. America is known for starting over or accomplishing dreams, so immigrants travel over to follow those dreams. People emigrate from one country to another for a variety of complex reasons. Some are forced to move, due to conflict or to escape persecution and pr ejudices, while others may voluntarily emigrate. AlthoughRead MoreThe Effects Of Mexican Immigration On The United States1252 Words   |  6 PagesHEAD: IMMIGRATION POLICY Immigration Policy in the United States: The Effects of Immigration on the Legal, Native Workforce Christopher R. Surfus, MBA, MPA Western Michigan University School of Public Affairs and Administration PADM-6840 Management of Public Financial Resources Professor Robert Peters, Ph.D. December 3, 2015 Immigration Policy in the United States: The Effects of Mexican Immigration on the Legal Workforce ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION Immigration policy

Essay about Cinema and Religion - 684 Words

Cinema and Religion Entertainment media are contributing to the emergence of new and novel forms of spiritual and religious phenomena in our contemporary (and past) culture. The essays in this issue explore diverse facets of the morphing relationship between entertainment, spirituality and culture. Over the last century, the cinema has played a vital role in the expression and representation of Judeo-Christian religious practices and beliefs. Early cinema told the life of Christ in the Passion Play and Cecil B DeMille produced two spectacular versions of The Ten Commandments in 1923 and 1956. While cinema represented religious themes and figures, religious institutions also shaped the emergence of this moving image technology and its†¦show more content†¦In our Post-Millennial era the Heavens are the home for satellites rather than angels and the New Age emphasis upon the paranormal and extraterrestrial as alternative avenues for spiritual expression and self-transformation melds with the preva lent sense of an impending apocalypse that was reactivated by the spectacular disappearance of the Twin Towers on our television screens on 9-11, 2001. Where once God may have been a singular entity that designed the world in seven days, the multi-dimensional relationship between new and existing media technologies now activates multiple worlds and multiple entities. The God/s of the Multi-verse take many and multifarious forms from Elvis to Lara Croft and the signs of the Heaven or Hell emerge in the shopping mall, the television screen, the web site and the comic book panel. Our media heroes are worshipped and our creations come to life. The task of media research and theory is to articulate how these Post-Millennial forms of religiosity - how the uncanny spaces and the gods in the multiverse - are shaped by the media. How are these spaces of dread or icons of worship articulated? This issue provides a collection of original research and writing on entertainment forms – past and present. It presents an interdisciplinary focus by collating material from historians, theorists, philosophers and practitioners involved in the study and teaching of art, cinema, literature and new media. However, the advantage of Gods in theShow MoreRelatedImpact of Indian Cinema1090 Words   |  5 PagesIMPACT OF CINEMA ON THE INDIAN SOCIETY Cinema has become the most powerful form of Mass Media since the day it was introduced to the world. 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In America and Europe horror films tell the story of extermination of evil spiritsRead MoreMy Museum Of World Religions Essay1575 Words   |  7 PagesMy Museum of Human Civilization Room 1: Religion â€Å"In the great hall of the museum of World Religions, you will find 10 major religions that were chosen based on history and the number of followers† (1). Today in our first room, we will learn about the â€Å"World’s largest religion that has over two billion followers, and that is Christianity.† Christianity began in the mid-1st century, originating in Judea but quickly spread throughout the world, it has played a major prominent role in the shapingRead MoreScholarship Essay641 Words   |  3 Pagesalways been interested in movies. My grandma, who was full of the wise the life experience left, always knew about my interest in movies. She feed my vain for the art. Even though her religion, she professed Adventist of seven-day religion, didnt let her go to the cinema, she always found the way to took me to the cinema. She and I enjoyed watch movies. We used to sit in the darkness room, with our faces illuminated from the reflection of the light which reboo ted from the screen, both absorbs in theRead MoreI Am A ----Year Old Christian Woman. I Come From Pakistan1256 Words   |  6 Pageslet others join me in my endeavors. In addition to the courses at G-ETS, my hope is to take help from the Religion and Film-ology department at the Northwestern University, and also as interact with people, to get to know their perception of the films that have shaped them and their lives and, how they think social justice is central to their lives. As a form of cultural capital, film and cinema are both reflections of a society’s ideals inasmuch as they are also what the philosopher Louis AlthusserRead MoreThe Role of the Holy Fool in the Context of Danish Cinema1580 Words   |  6 PagesGod’s wishes. In Denmark, Protestant traditions dominate the religious landscape, so the depiction of the holy fool must be adjusted accordingly. In order to understand the role of the holy fool in the context of Danish cinema, it is first necessary to look at the role of religion in Danish society. Starting in 1536, Denmark has transitioned into a country dominated by the Lutheran faith (Olden-Jà ¸rgensen 2002: 69). This transition marked the beginning of the struggle between reason and faith thatRead MoreTaking a Closer Look at Race Films Essay1241 Words   |  5 PagesIn early African American Cinema, filmmakers had a mission to move away from white perspectives on what it meant to be black (Stewart 225). Oftentimes, we would see black actors being portrayed in scenes as the antagonist committing crimes, as in the case of D.W. Griffith’s Birth of a Nation. Soon after Griffith released the film, filmmaker Oscar Micheaux forever changed American Independent Cinema with his â€Å"response† film Within Our Gates, which helped start the advent of race films (NAACP 1). SomeRead MoreEssay on Pure Cinema1702 Words à ‚  |  7 PagesItalian Neo realism; Pure Cinema 1. Ladri de Biccilette [Bicycle Thieves] (Vittorio De Sica) Do you agree with Andre Bazin that Ladri de Biccilette is an example of ‘pure cinema’? (Bazin [1971] p.60). To what extent is such a pure cinema possible and, in your opinion, which Italian Neo-realist film screened on the unit comes closest to it? Explain your reasoning. This essay will address the characteristics of ‘pure cinema’ and the extent of its practical nature. 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In fact, in his article, â€Å"Surviving Bollywood,† Madhava Prasad explains that the word Bollywood is actually based on â€Å"Tollywood.† In 1932, Wilford E. Deming, an American Engineer who claims to have supervised

The Repay free essay sample

The hardest time in my life would have to be the year my dad went to jail. It was nothing serious but they kept delaying his court day for over a year. This was a major turning point in my life. I was just starting the 7th grade when it happened and and I had to change my whole life style. My mom, as amazing as she is, could not keep up with the bills so we had to get rid of some stuff and so had to move in with my grandma inside her apartment. I went from having my own room to having to share one with my sister and younger brother. It was also hard to focus on school, but I managed to keep my grades up and pass on to the 8th grade and on October 30, 2008 after school I open the door to my grandmas apartment and find my dad sitting on the couch. We will write a custom essay sample on The Repay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I immediately drop my backpack and run over to give him a hug, something I wasnt able to do in a long time. That day I felt like a ton of weight was taken off my shoulders. Not all bad things came from this experience though, I learned many life lessons along the way which helped me become the person I am today and helped change my outlook on life. Before I had no idea how lucky I was to have the things I had and how hard my parents worked to get them for me. Now I appreciate everything I have, even the small things, and I feel so bad when I ask my parents for money, I would much rather earn it than it just be given to me without doing nothing in return. Also before I would just say things without thinking them through, now I am very careful about what I say which is probably why people tell me Im so quiet. Im just afraid I might say something that is unintended and it have a negative effect. I also learned that your life can change in a blink of an eye and that you should live each day to the fullest. Now Im working hard in school trying my best to keep my grades up. I am very interested in anything art, I have taken two art and one ceramics class in high school so far and I have enjoyed all three of them very much. Not to brag or anything but at the beginning of the ceramics class I was the first to make a cup on the wheel, I saw this as a great achievement. Even thought its just drawing on paper or making pots, art has given me some great skills I find useful in other life situations. I have learned to become neat and organized, which comes in handy when taking notes or working out math problems on a test. I also learned to become a perfectionist and to take my time when doing something like drawing a picture. This comes also comes in handy when doing other things because I pay close attention to what I am doing and so Im less prone to making a mistake and if I feel like something is wrong I will find what it is. Right now Im taking a graphics design class which deals with basically drawing and editing images on a computer. I think this has been the most fun and interesting art class Ive taken so far and I hope to pursue a career in graphic design. I want to make a living on what I love to do the most which is to draw. I know its going to take a while and hard work on my part but it will be well worth by the time Im done with college. I will hopefully be working with big companies and making lots of money. If things turns out like I want them to I will be able to repay my parents for all the things they have done and all the sacrifices they have made to get me to where I am now and where I will be in the future.

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Essential Foundations of the Public Relations

Essential Foundations of the Public Relations Introduction Over the last three decades, a lot of scholarly research has been accomplished in the field of public relations. The framework under which the early researches were based on has, however, in the modern day, faced a lot of criticism with the majority of the critics claiming that the PR model of communication presents a two way communication, which stands out as utterly symmetrical (Karla 177).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Essential Foundations of the Public Relations specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Early scholars set subtle grounds for the subsequent researches. In their natures, these foundations have taken rigid dominance in the theorization of the public relations’ scholarly researches. This dominance has served to give rise to pros and cons of the initial and hence the traditional theories of public relations. One specified pro of the theories stems from the fact that, over the years such t heories have undergone numerous tests, with most of the scholars confirming their claims. Consequently, the theories have remained in force and viable within a wider public spectra. In line with this argument, Karla claims that, â€Å"dominant research theories are furthered and new theories emerge† (178). If, an organization has to excel in its public relations endeavours, a prerequisite is placed on it to change its behaviours and approaches to the discipline so as to become part and parcel of the organization’s â€Å"dominant coalition or decision making body† (Karla 179). In this context, therefore, a magnificent endeavour of the early, PR theorist was to enhance professionalization of the PR (Grunig 29). Conflicting roles of the PR professional have also been registered with some scholars claiming that, PR managers have, at times, concentrated in execution of duties, which could have otherwise been delegated to the technical PR staff. As a repercussion, the PR concerns may be argued as a represented differently in theory and actual practice. More recently a lot of enthusiasm has emerged especially in attempts to scrutinize the position of PR in an organization as part of the management function. According to Curtin and Gaither, there exists four main criticisms of the paradigm of the public relations: â€Å"the definition of public relations as a management function; the reliance on functional, transmission models of communication; the emphasis on organizational-level theory; and the failure to recognize the primacy of power in relationships† (110).Advertising Looking for essay on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The emerging perspectives about the new media have given rise to lots of enthusiasm in some quarters. This paper seeks to scrutinize whether the existing enthusiasm to the new media is justifiable, explore the various implications, on the one hand, public relations practice relating to traditional media and on the other for, long term future of those media. However, to explore this topic, endeavours are made to unveil whether, if anything is distinctive about new media technologies from a PR practitioner’s perspective and what benefits to PR practice they bring. The critics of the PR are also essential to be given a glance especially those which attribute it to profit making endeavours. New media technologies from a PR practitioner’s perspective and the benefits they bring to PR practice From a wider perspective, there exist no broad distinctions between traditional media and the new media (social media) in terms of relations. In case of traditional media, â€Å"practitioners identify reporters and editors and build relationships with them in order to get client news disseminated† (Horton 5). On the other hand, in the social media, the main objective of the practitioner is to identify lik ely influential participants and the rest of the approach is just like in the traditional media: build relationships for the purposes enhancing communication. Opposed to the old media technologies such as the newspaper, radio or television, the emerging technologies such as face book or twitter are more essentially social based. Horton posits that, â€Å"newspapers are withering; net work television has watched audiences decline, radio is splintered and magazines are shrinking† (1). On the other hand, more human traffic in social networks is on the rise. Consequently, with this form of trends in communication, PR practitioners have no choice other than shifting to new media means of communication, particularly with the number of the reporters of the traditional medial escaping from their traditional occupations. Despite incredible call for change with time, the new media pose lots of challenges especially in terms of effectiveness and efficacy in communication. One evident ch allenge is that, the initial attempts to departmentalize communication have altogether been eroded. In fact, â€Å" the public and the universal nature of social media means that all the audiences can read communication intended for any one communication† (Horton 1). As a way of compounding this problem, practitioners are always unsure that the communication reaches all the intended audiences.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Essential Foundations of the Public Relations specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This is perhaps due to existences of communication fragmentations in case the practitioner opts for the new media to deliver messages. As Horton observes, â€Å"social media are so fragmented that an individual may not see the information in a blog or a face book page or tweet† (1). In actual sense the new media, serves to disperse information just like some traditional media for instance newspapers and magazines would do. The fact that some information was posted in a newspaper does not guarantee that the target audience would read it. This is what new media serves to propagate on a large scale globally. However, through perhaps deployment of mathematical concepts of probability, it standouts more likely to read some article in a newspaper than it would to read it in a social media carrying millions of blogs. Consequently, it may be argued that, the new media worsen the problem of information dispersion. Furthermore, new media ensures information accessibility, but does not provide a warrant that the information will be viewed. In actual sense, an immense effort by a practitioner to reach a wide range of audiences turns out as of little results due to the evident communication fragmentation in the new media. Despite the existence of technologies that permit an individual to determine the influence of a certain blog posted on a social media site, such techniques are been argued as not straight forward. Such technologies enable one to determine the nature of friends who are subscribed to a new media site such as face book or twitter. Unfortunately, none of such technologies provide a warrant that one would reach the audience that he or she is targeting. Worse still, there exists no bureau that can carry out auditing of the information under circulation through the social networks. Additionally, social media present a challenge in terms of information distribution time. According to Horton, â€Å" to use social media effectively requires learning ones way into each medium and building trust with participants, do campaigns and clients allow one to spend that form of time† (2). Social media demands the practitioner to have established a relationship with the audience. Unless the practitioner had had communicated with such audience for some time before, to orient the audience so as to embrace his or her attention, it would clearly call for commitment of a l ot of time: something that may not be so desirable from the practitioner’s perspective point of view.Advertising Looking for essay on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More As Horton comments, â€Å"agency practitioners especially face the challenge of communication timing because they often work on multiple accounts in different industries† (4). However, such challenges need not make a practitioner rule out the possibilities of using social media in communication since rewards exists in employment of the new media in communication. As Spicer notes, â€Å"Facebook users build audiences of like minds and interests and thus one can reach these self-identified audiences with a laser-like focus to communicate client messages effectively and efficiently† (115). New media circulates information without an individual’s knowledge, something that serves as an additional advantage especially bearing in mind that the message sent will not require the practitioner to pay for such circulations. Critique of public relations Over the years, several critiques have been advanced in relation to public relations. Many of these critiques see public re lations as a profit making administrative endeavour opposed to the perceived intents of improvement of the service delivery. Miller and Dinan see public relations as, â€Å"a means of taking risks out of democracy† (11). To them the perceived risks entail seeking a mechanism of taking full control of a pool of workers. The modern public relations consequently, seems to stem from the need to extend such functions of the public relations in an attempt to constitute â€Å" a cutting edge of campaigns to ensure liberal democratic societies do not respond to the will of people and the vested interests prevail† (Miller and Dinan 12). In this context, PR is depicted as propaganda oriented form of democracy. New media technologies may not thus escape criticism especially when PR concerns are incorporated into it. Somewhat some of the criticism that is crucial to consider includes the ones raised by Carl Byoirs. Carl Byoirs was particularly interested in adoption of third parti es techniques deemed subtle for the manipulation of the public debates. â€Å"Front groups could be created by influencing the leaders of the co-placement group and by forming new fronts† (Grunig White 57). In this context, media is viewed as a tool of manipulation and subversion of the reality. Unfortunately, Byoirs practices were nothing to be acceptable before the eyes of the law, and when the whistle was blown on his activities between n 1930 and 1940s, his firm was convicted and charged $5,000. Since the times of Byoirs, according to Miller and Dinan, â€Å"manipulation and deceit have been the defining characteristics of the public relation s industry† (12). Conventionally, many critics of the PR are inclined to the opinion that PR is executed for some vested interests mainly by large corporations of which media may not be segregated from them. Scrutinizing the clientele of any successful PR firm reveals that the majority of its clients are the large corporation s. This has consequences of creation of imbalances between the citizens and the tools of the propulsion of the economies through production: corporations. Its practice â€Å"is not open and transparent about its means or even about its clients and interests it is working for† (Miller and Dinan 13). However, it needs not be taken that all PR practitioners consciously lie despite the fact that PR calls for some means of the management of cognitive dissonance (Miller and Dinan 13). More importantly, in as much as the association of PR with desires to lie, it is evident that public interests and the private interests hardly get directly congruent. As Maloney observes, â€Å" corporate spin doctors and agencies consequently have no choices rather than lying unconsciously since their job entangles at the most basic level, an attempt to align the sectional interests of their principles (employers or clients) with general interests† (30). The idea here is not to arrive at the conclusion that PR endeavours are geared toward conspiracy. The argument is all about the ideas of the PR firms to equate the private and public interests, which result to negative repercussions to the public interests aspects, since by the fact that this two interests are not similar, more often than not, public interests get undermined. PR also is considered by its critiques as aimed at subversion of the clients interests opposed to its disguised intents of promotion of democratic debates. On the other hand, Bernays feels that, PR faces a given draw back since, â€Å"corporate social responsibility and other ethical activities are all subordinates to the corporate strategy, and that it has played a crucial role at the cutting edge of corporate power in the neoliberal revolution† (67). In this context, it may be argued that in as much as corporations may be doing marvellous from one front, in some other front, it may stand out evident that they are attempting to safeguard th eir vested interests which do not necessarily conform to the interests of the public. As a way of example, during the case of involvement of the shell corporation in the international chamber of commerce, â€Å"mantra heard from devotees about building the business case for CSR is about more than making money out of ethical and green activities as a tool to ensure binding regulation is resisted and indeed rolled back† (Miller Dinan 10). Corporations, on the other hand, have proactively involved themselves in campaigning for the media and political partisans giving rise to neoliberal concerns. New media, despite its illustrious championed efforts to make sure that it provides a better representation of the public concerns through refraining from political partisans and campaigning for political elites, suffers from the need to protect and quest for some of its own vested interests. Such vested interests with political attachments ensure the continued presence of a firm in the communications market, since political institutions contribute, by far, in promotions of those firms that are inclined to their affiliations. It is particularly intriguing for media to take opposing stands to the political regimes which by far will affect their future performance. This reason may perhaps prompt the PR approached in the management of the new media to borrow widely from the traditional media practices and carry on the attempts to maintain public in some form of disguised lies: all with the intent to protect the firm’s own vested interests. New media concerns are more driven by the spirit of change. Given that PR plays pivotal roles in the management of the human resource, the inclusion of PR â€Å" as a communicative consequence of business, interests and case group activity â€Å" (Miller Dinan 25) may not be isolated from such endeavours. However, communication acts a vital tool available to the PR to enhance inculcation of spirit of fame in an attempt to get things done. Look, for instance, the main responsibilities of PR in any organization. It is charged with conflicts resolution, motivation and handling of disputes emanating from the firm and the worker’s unions of the organization in question. Through its well organized structures of communication, the PR has to ensure that its strategies gets a competitive advantage amongst the parties involved in conflict if at all it has to provide foundations, which are vital to ensure the problem being handled will not repeat itself in future. This approach is widely criticized as geared towards prejudicing the spirit of democracy among the workers since, it seeks to convince perhaps without adequate grounds on why such solutions are necessary. According to Miller and Dinan, â€Å"†¦..International communication is another activity that fits only partially within the definition of PR as a measure to ensure competitive communication advantage† (25). Some of the inclusions comprise internal communications, workers motivations, and reward systems among others. Majority of these tasks are constructed by two main interests: employer and the employees. The question remains; what side is more favoured. Is firm in question; created to make profits for the benefit of the employer or to make a profit for the purposes of provision of employment opportunities to the employees? According to Bernays â€Å" public opinion, narrowly defined is the thought of a society at any given time toward a given object; broadly conceived, it is the power of a group to sway the larger public in its altitude† (p.1). Given the ability of the PR to accomplish swaying action to the general workforce, it is evident that claims that the PR is responsible for manipulation bear substance. Aims and objectives of PR and media industries in the wider media landscape Just like any other professional discipline, public relation has a specified scope of tasks. In a broader sense, pub lic relations practitioners fall into two categories. The first category is dominated by those practitioners who see themselves as communication managers, and the other sphere being constructed by PR practitioners who see themselves as technicians of the communication. As Berkowitz and Ilias lament, â€Å" within these two groups, the managers role has been broken down into two subgroups related to how a communication manager fits into organizational process† (102). Some studies such the one conducted in 1989 by Belz et al reveal that journalistic roles are evident in both the public relations practitioners and the journalists. However, the other hand both the journalists and the public relations practitioners held a different opinion on matters concerning roles, aims, and responsibilities of public relations (130). From a wider perspective, the differences are traceable from existing socialization and the education between the two practices. â€Å"Some studies have found th at media organizations and the journalistic practices taking place are linked to journalists perceived roles† (Berkowitz Ilias 104). Furthermore, Berkowitz and Ilias are to the opinion that, â€Å"the actual differences among journalists are likely much smaller than the differences among public relations practitioners subscribing to mangers or technician roles† (104). As priory mentioned, public relations practitioners essentially assume the roles of communication managers and communication technicians. However, Leichty and Springston perceive this as a traditional dichotomy of PR roles and alternatively proposes four roles accorded to the PR practitioners: â€Å" generalists, the internals, the outliers and traditional managers† (467). However, by careful scrutiny of these four roles, it is evident that the traditional managers roles assume remarkably little technical roles and hence it can remain as a significant sub division of the roles of the PR by its own. On the other hand, the other three roles are more of technical oriented. Consequently, their classification into one group: technical roles are perhaps still valid. As a result, the classification of roles of the PR following the Leichty and Springston criteria is barely a further division of the original traditional PR dichotomy into some further categories. Managerial roles are more of affiliated to making of decisions and policies within an organization that houses the practitioners. According to Berkowitz Ilias, â€Å" practitioners enacting the managers roles predominantly make policy decisions and are held accountable for the program success or failure† (111). Such practitioners are charged with the responsibilities of arriving at decisions that have long term repercussions to a firm as opposed to short term solution of problems, which are predominantly technical in nature. In addition, such roles entangle analysis, anticipations coupled with clarification and attachm ent of meanings to the public opinions, issues and altitudes which are subtle tools for cute departmental and overall performance of an organization. Managers are charged with the responsibility of ensuring that objectives and the goals of an organization are set appropriately in direct congruence with the organizations long term philosophies. Within, the peripheral departments of a firm, encounters are made of PR practitioners charged with the enactment of technical PR roles. According to Dozier, â€Å" technicians do not participate in management decision making but only make program decisions necessary to internal functioning of their departments† (76). In fact, the widest spectra of responsibilities entail conduction of low level organizational operational matters aimed at ensuring cute implementation of policies and decisions stemming from the management team. More often than not, technical practitioners are engaged in activities such as provision of services like media contracting, writing, publications productions and photocopying among other roles that do not involve long term decision making tasks. Perhaps a different aspect of the PR practitioner’s roles vital to consider, are those roles stemming from the practitioners education and organizational environment (Dozier 1992; Ehling 1992). On his part, Dozier strongly believes that PR practitioners may be in a large part lack and fail, to fulfil their professional roles as anticipated with consequences of some of the practitioners likely to be characterized by semi professionalism (45). Such professionals are more likely to be worse affected by bureaucratic norms. In most of the situation they evidently lack professional autonomy in the execution of their duties partly due to dwindled endowment with supervisory powers. To this end, Ryan and Martinson think that lack of clarity in terms of roles anticipations is fuelled by the practitioners lack of common agreement of what the PR professio n is all about and perhaps what it needs to embrace (91). Conclusion Over the years, especially in the last three decades, a lot research has been done in the subject of the public relations. The paper characteristically identifies these researches as essential foundations of the public relation concerns, which, in fact, have formed the basis of the existing modern criticisms of the profession. The criticisms in turn, have given rise to an immense enthusiasm to scrutinize the roles of the public relations especially when the other spectrum of the inputs of the new media is incorporated. In as much as the new media is beneficial in terms of promotion of ease of information accessibility, the paper claims that information accessibility does not necessarily translate to practical information viewing. The demerits of the new media have consequently been addressed by asserting that the new media has a specified challenge in terms of ensuring effective and efficient communication, has tim e limitations and departmentalization or rather information flow regulation. Amid these limitations, new media has been discussed as a vital tool for practitioners communication particularly where relationships with the target audience is priory established. The paper also has also made some attempts to introspect the various criticisms of the public relations. Finally, the roles and objectives of public relations have been given a through treat by dividing the entire sphere of public relation roles into two broad groups: managerial and technical roles. Through observation of differences in the scholar’s perceptions of the roles and practices of the public relations, which stem right from the traditional approaches to the modern hefty criticisms, evidently, subtle information is available to justify the existing enthusiasm for new media evident in some quarters. Belz, Arthur et al. â€Å"Using role theory to study cross perceptions of journalists and public relations practi tioners.† Public relations research annual 1.1 (1989): 125-139. Berkowitz, Dan Ilias, Hristodoulakis. â€Å"Practitioner Roles, Public Relations Education, and Professional Socialization: An Exploratory Study.† Journal of Public Relations Research 11:1 (1999): 91-103. Bernays, Edward. Manipulating public opinion: the way and the how. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum, 2000. Curtin, Arthur, Gaither, Kenneth. Privileging identity, difference, and power: The circuit of culture as a basis for public relations theory. Journal of Public Relations Research 17.3 (2005): 91–115. Dozier, Douglas. The organizational roles of communications and public relations practitioners. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc, 1992. Ehling, Walter. â€Å"Public relations education and professionalism.† In James. Grunig (Ed.), Excellence in public relations and communication management (pp. 439-464). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 1992. Grunig, James. â€Å" Two-way symmetrical public relations: Past, present and future.† In Lawrence Heath (Ed.), Handbook of Public Relations. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 2001. Grunig, James White Jon. The Effect of World Views on Public Relations Theory and Practice: Excellence in Public Relations and Communication Management. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum, 1992. Horton, James. â€Å"Public Relations and Social Communication.† Journal of Public Relations 31.7 (2009) 1-6. Karla, Gower. â€Å"Public Relations Research at the Crossroads.† Journal of Public Relations Research 18.2 (2006): 177-190. Leichty, Gabriel, Springston, Johnson. â€Å"Elaborating public relations roles.† Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly 73.5(1996): 467-477. Maloney, Kelvin. Rethinking Public Relations: PR, Propaganda and Democracy. London: Routledge, 2006. Miller, David, Dinan, William. Thinker, faker, spinner, spy: corporate PR and the assault on democracy. London: Pluto press, 2007. Ryan, Mart ins, Martinson, Leonard. (1988). â€Å"Journalists and public relations practitioners: Why the antagonism?† Journalism Quarterly 64.13 (1988): 1-140. Spicer, Charles. â€Å"Public relations in a democratic society: Value and values.† Journal of Public Relations Research 12.4 (2000):115–130.

Letter of Recommendation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Letter of Recommendation - Essay Example Additionally, he searched, selected, and managed Indonesian student volunteers who study abroad to teach students from my school through Skype. Therefore, now, my school has computers, and Internet. Furthermore, we have more good quality English teachers. All of these elements are useful for engaging English lesson online through Skype with Indonesian Students who volunteer becoming English teacher that live outside Indonesia. His effort helps my students improve English grades. Currently, he works as a volunteer in my school. He is an English teacher. His method to teach students is different from any other teachers. He always makes sure that the lesson is always interactive. He modifies the lesson to implement game in English, project and presentation. He brings something new to the curriculum, because before he came, my school always taught students basing on the book, but now he let students show his creativity by using English. This improved my students’ creativity in my school. Additionally, he consistently demonstrated strong work ethics and great communicational skills, increasingly extending the importance of handling negotiations with our clients, consumers and food distributors. This impacted the performance and the image of our company. X is an open-minded person, organized, adaptable in cases of objective criticism. I have developed deep personal and professional attachment and respect for x, and sincerely believe that this course will sharpen his skills of education development. He has my highest endorsement. If you have any questions regarding x and/or this recommendations, feel free to contact me at any

Case Analysis Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Analysis - Case Study Example One of the few complaints that have become too regular in the operations of Fresh Direct is the customer claim that products are not sufficiently fresh upon delivery. Online grocery services are still an extremely small market sector in comparison to the massive physical stores that dominate the industry (Hand et al., 2009), so it is vital that Fresh Direct address every possible weakness with the appropriate correction measures. The business obtains, stores, sorts, and delivers items through a detailed process that has been extensively researched to minimize the time until delivery and to keep appropriate products refrigerated as needed. Accordingly, it is possible that the actual freshness is not the problem. Instead, customer perspectives may be biased because they cannot actually touch and physically examine their food prior to purchase, as many shoppers are accustomed to do (Cho, 2011). Fresh Direct can provide daily updates from factory employees that describes the items in the physical terms that shoppers would normally check in person. This addition to the website may ease consumer concern about receiving products that are not sufficiently

The wider events of he Crucible Essay Example for Free

The wider events of he Crucible Essay Furthermore, Johns power within the town (and his rebellious attitude) could be likened to that of extra salt in a pot, spicing up the broth; moreover, this line foreshadows Johns impact on the trials later on in the play: his confession to lechery, admittance that he saw the boots of Lucifer and accusation that the court is pulling Heaven down and raising up a whore These actions undermined the authority of the court and so greatly influence Salem; the theme of trial is also prevalent in The Crucible and the actions John Proctor takes in standing up to the court loosely reflect Arthur Millers denouncement of the House of Representatives Committee on Un-American Activities . In reference to the title of the play, John Proctor putting more salt into the stew is analogous to his actions stirring up the situation in Salem, which can be likened to that of a crucible- a melting pot used to remove impurities from precious metals. Additionally, Johns relationship with Elizabeth is symbolic of the towns puritan culture; it is very mundane and based upon stringent Christian morals. The act of John adding salt to a brand broth indicates his need for a more exciting and zestful relationship- which John finds in Abigail Williams. Elizabeth Proctor is the victim of the sins perpetrated by John and Abigail, and though she is a pious and devout Christian wife she is not wholly innocent and is partially to blame for the deterioration of her marriage. One of the themes throughout John and Elizabeths marriage is that Elizabeth is very cold towards John and that it is this sternness which drives John to Abigail; Miller uses the pragmatics of words to convey this feeling, with phrases such as You ought to bring some flowers into the house and It is winter in here yet Miller demonstrates that John feels that Elizabeth has been cold to him and wants to tell her this- yet cannot, because he doesnt want to anger her (I mean to please you, Elizabeth); he also uses this dialogue to indicate the general atmosphere of Salem as a whole, full of deceit and small talk to mask over the insecurities and sins beneath. John desperately craves forgiveness from Elizabeth and she must absolve him, (because divorce was unthinkable in a deeply religious town such as Salem) but she finds it hard to forgive him because he has committed Adultery, one of the ten commandments and therefore highly important to a devout Christian, and because he has further de nted her self-esteem I counted myself so plain, so poorly made, no honest love could come to me! by sleeping with another woman. John, however, is not the cause of Elizabeths low self-worth- the repressive nature of Salem is. In Salem, women arent allowed to express themselves, which leads to two extremes: one extreme is the kind of wild exhibitionism expressed by Abigail, Tituba (and various others) at the beginning of the play; or the other extreme of self-repression and not letting your true feelings be known, like Elizabeth. Without the ability to experience the things teenagers go through during pubity, Elizabeth is led to believe that no man finds her attractive and doesnt know how to trust them. Ergo, when John has an affair Elizabeth doesnt know how to forgive him and so Miller uses language to make their relationship seem like a trial, with phrases such as Oh, Elizabeth, your justice would freeze beer! (Use of imagery) The magistrate sits in your heart that judges you (Use of metaphor) and You will not judge me more, Elizabeth. In Act 2, when the accusations are just beginning, and have not affected the Proctors, John and Elizabeth feel no passion in their marriage and are struggling to make it work- but as the hysteria escalates, the adversity draws them closer together and rekindles their love. This rejuvenation is foreshadowed by talk of spring in Act 2, and also hints at Elizabeths pregnancy, well see green fields soon. Massachusetts is a beauty in the spring; the reason Miller includes these phrases in the dialogue between John and Elizabeth is to show that John wants a fresh start and is also literally looking forward to the spring time, as well as to provide clues for the audience as to what will happen later in the play. In Act 3, both John and Elizabeth show great courage and both do it to try and do what is best for each other- John confesses to lechery in a bid to discredit Abigails accusations and save his wifes life, even though doing do will ruin his good name and lead to a bad reputation in Salem; Elizabeth lies about Johns infidelity in an act of loyalty to her husband because she wants to protect his good name, even though she is a pious woman and by lying she is committing a grave sin, God damns all liars this shows Elizabeth values her husband more than her God. This scene is ironic because though both John and Elizabeth show great courage and loyalty, they damn themselves because John says that Elizabeth never lied and cannot lie, but she goes on to lie in an act of loyalty- even though telling the truth would have saved him from hanging. Reverend Hale sees that it is a natural lie to tell and that Elizabeth was just showing loyalty to her husband, but Danforth is too bigoted to see this, and is only interested in finding people guilty of witchcraft so he can exert his power. Miller clearly based Danforths character on Senator Joseph McCarthy to show that he sees McCarthy as a bigoted, power-hungry tyrant who is only interested in looking powerful and eliminating people who threaten his position. By Act 4, John and Elizabeth have become united through their ordeal and this is signified in their language, which is far more emotive, John says You are a marvel- Elizabeth, which shows that John is again madly in love with Elizabeth and wants to express how much he cares for her. The progression of their relationship is echoed by the development in the wider events of the story: Reverend Hale has denounced the court and is trying to save [Johns] life because damnations doubled n a minister who counsels men to lie; the people of Salem have started to rebel against the court you wander yet if rebellions spoke? Better you should marvel how they do not burn your province! and they have put a dagger in Parris door. It seems like Salem is being purified, much like gold in a crucible, and all the deceit and pretence is being washed away. Additionally, as the witch trials come to their conclusion, the trial within the Proctors marriage also comes to its resolution and this is the salvation John Proctor is searching for. Miller demonstrates this purification in Johns mind using stage directions, Elizabeth says I cannot judge you, John, there is a pause, and John says What would you have me do with the stage direction simply, a pure question; the word pure here indicates that John feels like he is close to redemption and this is confirmed when he says I would have your forgiveness, Elizabeth. Miller chose to make he dialogue which follows strikingly emotionally charged, because it is when John is finally given forgiveness, there are emotive stage directions such as he stands, as though with physical pain she is on the verge of tears and now pouring out her heart. There are many references back to the earlier themes in the play, of coldness and of trials; Elizabeth admits her faults suspicion kissed you when I did it were a cold house I kept!, gives John the forgiveness he craves, whilst referencing the idea of their relationship as a trial But let none be your judge I cannot judge you John, I cannot! I am not your judge, I cannot be (as though giving him release. ) and even asks for Johns forgiveness herself, forgive me, forgive me, John- I never knew such goodness in the world. The contrast in speech between act 2 and act 4 is staggering, whereas in act 2 John and Elizabeth exchanged pleasantries which cloaked their real feelings of uneasiness between each other, in act 4 they pour their hearts out and shower one another with compliments- it is a very beautiful passage made all the more precious by John Proctors impending death. Galvanised by his redemption and love for Elizabeth, John realises that the only way for him to truly forgive himself and appease the magistrate that resides within his own heart is to accept his hanging and make sure his name is not blighted by the cowardice of a false confession, How may I live without my name? I have given you my soul; leave me my name I do think I see some shred of goodness in John Proctor. Not enough to weave a banner with, but white enough to keep it from such dogs. The bravery John shows here is only possible because of the purification of his marriage and that his death would help cleanse the deceit and repression of Salem. The Proctors final act as man and wife is to share a kiss with great passion, exactly what was missing in their marriage after Johns affair with Abigail. Elizabeth speaks the final line of The Crucible and gives the audience closure on the literal witch trials of Salem, and her own personal trial within her marriage, and gives both herself and John the resolution they both desperately sought, He have his goodness now. God forbid I take it from him. In conclusion, The Crucible is an exceptionally nuanced play with myriad deep-rooted themes which can only be truly appreciated by absorbing every subtle word which Miller provides us with, and engaging with the pragmatics conveyed by either the actors reciting the play, or conjured by your own brain whilst reading. The Crucible works very well as an allegory for McCarthyism in America, beautifully juxtaposes the Seven Deadly Sins against the Ten Commandments and develops the story in parallel with the relationship of John and Elizabeth Proctor, whilst evoking a real sense of the social, historical and cultural climate of 17th Century Massachusetts. Above all, The Crucible is a fascinating and emotional play which was a pleasure to read and analyse. Kyle Sawhney Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Arthur Miller section.

Gender Emergence in England’s History Essay -- European History

Gender Emergence in England’s History "Historicizing Patriarchy: The Emergence of Gender Difference in England, 1660-1760" by Michael McKeon is a powerful and original hypothesis as to "how and why the modern system of gender difference was established during the English Restoration and eighteenth century" (295). McKeon, a professor of English literature at Rutgers University is also the author of several essays, including "Politics and Poetry in Restoration England" and "Origins of the English Novel." McKeon uses the term 'patriarchalism' because it attaches itself to a "traditional regime" which will in later centuries be replaced by the "modern conception of gender" (296). This term is mainly identified with as traditional because it is not normally questioned nor objected to; people interpret it as the natural order of things. McKeon's patriarchal system is founded on the belief that there was a "hierarchical notion of authority" which existed not only in Britain's government, but in the family as well. The oldest male figure of the household was most often looked upon as the leader; he simultaneously played the roles of father, husband, and ruler of the house. His word was absolute law for the family. As with most issues, there are two sides. Parliamentarian Henry Parker and feminist Mary Astell disagreed on many issues, including whether the family and state were both founded on the concept of absolute power. However, they both agree on the "continued plausibility of the analogy between family and state" (297). So, although many critics do not feel comfortable with absolute power being the ruling force of family and state, they do agree that there is a direct correlation between them. Debates continued until arou... ...es embraced it sooner than others. The ideology and rationale are there, yet this change has many exceptions and abstractions which will not allow historians to fully confirm their thesis. There are many overlapping levels of experience, class, and gender that encompass a broad sexual, political, economic, cultural, and intellectual range. A good metaphor that McKeon uses throughout the essay to compare gender to a web from which other lifestyles stem. McKeon cleverly sums up his argument by stating that "it is therefore a determinant regime in that it establishes the outer limits of our experience, and it is under the aegis of difference that we formulate our efforts to go beyond it" (316). Works Cited McKeon, Michael. "Historicizing Patriarchy: The Emergence of Gender Difference in England, 1660-1760." Eighteenth-Century Studies vol. 28, no. 3, 1995: 295-322.